Teduglutide | CAS 197922-42-2 / 287714-30-1 | GLP-2 Receptor Agonist (Research Use Only) | Knowlux

Product Description

Teduglutide, CAS 197922-42-2 (free peptide) / 287714-30-1 (acetate salt), is a synthetic 33-amino-acid linear polypeptide analogue of human glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), supplied by Knowlux for laboratory research use. The peptide differs from native GLP-2 by a single Ala2-to-Gly substitution at the N-terminus, a modification that confers resistance to DPP-4-mediated degradation. The sequence is H-His-Gly-Asp-Gly-Ser-Phe-Ser-Asp-Glu-Met-Asn-Thr-Ile-Leu-Asp-Asn-Leu-Ala-Ala-Arg-Asp-Phe-Ile-Asn-Trp-Leu-Ile-Gln-Thr-Lys-Ile-Thr-Asp-OH. The molecular formula is C164H252N44O55S and the molecular weight is 3752.08 g/mol (monoisotopic exact mass 3749.80). Each lot is released with a lot-specific COA, MSDS and analytical traceability.

CAS and Salt Form Clarification: CAS 197922-42-2 is the free peptide registry for Teduglutide, and CAS 287714-30-1 is the acetate salt registry, as distinguished by the NCI Thesaurus and ChemicalBook. Commercial listings frequently apply 197922-42-2 to both the free peptide and the acetate salt under the product name "Teduglutide Acetate," which creates ambiguity in specification comparison. The molecular formula C164H252N44O55S is reported for both registries; the acetate counter-ion is declared separately on the lot COA. Knowlux specifies the salt basis, acetate content, and water content per lot. Buyers should confirm whether the quoted material is reported on a free-peptide or acetate-salt basis before procurement, as the counter-ion and hydration state affect mass balance and molarity calculations.

Sequence Verification Note: The 33-residue sequence is confirmed by KEGG, ChEBI, Creative Peptides, and MedChemExpress. The N-terminus is free histidine and the C-terminus is free aspartic acid (Asp-OH). Unlike the terminally blocked or disulfide-constrained peptides in the Semax and Linaclotide families, Teduglutide is linear and unmodified at both termini aside from the Gly2 substitution. The peptide contains a methionine residue at position 10, introducing a thioether side chain susceptible to oxidation to methionine sulfoxide during storage and handling.

Product Parameters

Product Details

1. Overview

Teduglutide is a 33-residue synthetic analogue of human GLP-2, a peptide hormone co-secreted with GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells. The single Ala2-to-Gly substitution at the N-terminus is the defining structural feature of the analogue: native GLP-2 is rapidly cleaved by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) at the Ala2-Asp3 bond, whereas the Gly2 substitution sterically hinders DPP-4 access and extends the circulating half-life from approximately 7 minutes to several hours in preclinical models. Teduglutide acts as an agonist at the GLP-2 receptor (GLP2R), a class B GPCR expressed on intestinal enteroendocrine cells, myofibroblasts, and enteric neurons. KEGG classifies Teduglutide under ATC code A16AX08 as a mucosal growth promotor and GLP-2 receptor agonist. In clinical medicine, Teduglutide is approved for the treatment of short bowel syndrome (SBS) in adults and pediatric patients. The material supplied under this specification is research-grade and is not intended for human administration. Knowlux supplies this compound strictly for laboratory investigation of GLP-2 receptor pharmacology, intestinal epithelial biology, and peptide stability.

2. Structural Profile and Receptor Pharmacology

The linear 33-residue backbone carries a free N-terminal histidine and a free C-terminal aspartate, distinguishing Teduglutide from terminally acetylated or amidated research peptides. The Gly2 substitution is the sole sequence difference from native GLP-2 (KEGG C16049), and it is responsible for the analogue's DPP-4 resistance. The methionine at position 10 introduces a thioether side chain that is susceptible to oxidation, making methionine sulfoxide content a relevant impurity for activity-sensitive applications. Teduglutide binds GLP2R with affinity and agonist potency comparable to native GLP-2 in recombinant receptor assays and stimulates intestinal mucosal growth in preclinical models. MedChemExpress reports that Teduglutide activates NR4A1/Nur77 expression and intestinal FXR signaling in human hepatic stellate cells, and ameliorates intestinal insufficiency, lung injury, and obesity-associated neuroinflammation in mouse models. These descriptions are derived from published research and are provided for scientific reference only.

3. Research Applications

Published pharmacological characterizations and documented protocols describe the following research applications:

• GLP-2 receptor (GLP2R) binding and functional agonist assays

• Intestinal epithelial proliferation, crypt cell expansion, and villus height studies

• Short bowel syndrome and intestinal adaptation research models

• DPP-4 stability and peptide half-life extension studies (Teduglutide as a stabilized comparator)

• Hepatic NR4A1/FXR signaling and sclerosing cholangitis research models

• Reference standard development for HPLC and LC-MS analytical methods

These descriptions are derived from published research and are provided for scientific reference only. They do not constitute clinical guidance or dosing recommendations.

Quality Control

A Creative Peptides Certificate of Analysis for a Teduglutide batch reports HPLC purity of 99.62%, total impurities of 0.38%, largest single impurity of 0.16%, acetic acid content of 0.26%, water content of 9.74%, and TFA content of 0.15%, with molecular ion mass confirmed at 3752.13 +/- 1. This batch-level data illustrates that the specification limits (<=15.0% acetate, <=10.0% water) accommodate substantial lot-to-lot variation in counter-ion and moisture content; researchers preparing molar solutions should use the peptide content value rather than the HPLC purity figure for accurate concentration calculations. Selleck reports a lot purity of 99.04% by HPLC, and AbMole lists >99.0% purity for its catalogue item. ChemicalBook supplier listings specify HPLC purity >=98.0%, single impurity <=2.0%, acetate content 5.0%-12.0%, water content <=8.0%-10.0%, peptide content >=80.0%, and endotoxin <=50 EU/mg for the research-grade acetate salt. Full COA, MSDS, and lot-specific chromatograms are issued with each shipment.

Solubility and Handling

Solubility: Teduglutide solubility is solvent- and condition-dependent, and supplier data diverge substantially. MedChemExpress reports DMSO solubility of 50 mg/mL (13.33 mM) with sonication and water solubility of 22.22 mg/mL (5.92 mM) requiring sonication and pH adjustment to 2 with HCl. Selleck reports DMSO solubility of 100 mg/mL (26.65 mM) and lists water as insoluble. AbMole reports DMSO solubility of 30 mg/mL. Biozol lists water solubility of 10 mg/mL and DMSO solubility of 40 mg/mL. GLPBIO reports DMSO solubility of 50 mg/mL with sonication. The divergence in water solubility (insoluble per Selleck versus 22.22 mg/mL at pH 2 per MedChemExpress) likely reflects the pH dependence of solubility for this acidic, Asp/Glu-rich peptide: near neutral pH the peptide may aggregate or precipitate, whereas acidic conditions improve dissolution. For assay development, DMSO is the more reliable stock solvent across sources, and aqueous dilution should be performed immediately before use with attention to final pH. Prepare solutions fresh and aliquot to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Handling Precautions: Use powder-handling containment (glove box or fume hood with particulate control). Avoid inhalation of fine powder. Wear nitrile gloves, lab coat, and eye protection. The Met10 thioether is susceptible to oxidation; handle under inert atmosphere where practical and avoid prolonged exposure to air and light.

Storage and Stability

Storage guidance for Teduglutide diverges in a manner that requires attention. MedChemExpress specifies 2 years at -80C and 1 year at -20C for powder under nitrogen, with solutions stable for 6 months at -80C or 1 month at -20C. Creative Peptides' COA recommends 2C to 8C for long-term storage and 25C for transportation. Adooq specifies 3 years at -20C for powder and 6 months at -20C for solutions. The 2C to 8C recommendation from Creative Peptides contrasts with the -20C and -80C conditions from other suppliers and likely reflects a stability profile specific to that supplier's lyophilized format; for long-term archival storage, -80C under nitrogen is the most conservative condition. The lyophilized powder is hygroscopic; equilibrate vials to room temperature before opening to prevent condensation. Protect from light and moisture.

Documentation Support

Per lot: COA, MSDS, certificate of origin, HPLC chromatogram, and mass spectrometry data. Acetate content, water content, TFA content, and peptide content data available on request. Custom specifications and third-party inspection can be arranged on a project basis.

About Knowlux

Knowlux Biotechnology is a GMP-oriented manufacturer and supplier of peptides, APIs and fine-chemical research compounds, operating from Hubei, China. We serve research groups, CDMOs and distributors in more than 40 countries, and support contract synthesis, custom packaging and technical documentation requests.

Compliance Statement

FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR HUMAN USE. NOT FOR DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC USE.

This product is supplied for laboratory research use only. It is not for human or animal administration, not for diagnostic or therapeutic use, not for retail sale, and not for personal use. Teduglutide is an approved medicinal product in certain jurisdictions for specific clinical indications (short bowel syndrome); however, the material offered under this specification is research-grade and is not intended for clinical use. The purchaser is responsible for verifying product specifications against their specific research requirements and for compliance with all applicable institutional, local, and national regulations governing research chemical acquisition, storage, and use. Research context statements are for scientific reference only and do not constitute medical advice, promotional claims, or dosing guidance.

Data Verification Notes: The molecular formula C164H252N44O55S and molecular weight 3752.08 g/mol are confirmed by KEGG (exact mass 3749.7995, mol weight 3752.08), ChemicalBook (3752.08248), MedChemExpress (3752.13), and Creative Peptides (3752.13). The sequence HGDGSFSDEMNTILDNLAARDFINWLIQTKITD is confirmed by KEGG, ChEBI, and Creative Peptides. The Gly2 substitution relative to native GLP-2 is confirmed by KEGG, ChEBI, and the Guide to Pharmacology. The CAS mapping (197922-42-2 = free peptide; 287714-30-1 = acetate salt) is confirmed by the NCI Thesaurus and ChemicalBook. Solubility values are reported with their source conditions rather than reconciled into a single figure, because the underlying measurements reflect different solvent systems, pH conditions, and dissolution techniques. Storage shelf-life divergence across suppliers (2C-8C versus -20C versus -80C) is reported as-is; the -80C under nitrogen condition is presented as the conservative archival option.

Formatting Note: All formulas, sequences, and comparison operators use plain ASCII notation to prevent character corruption on the platform. Section headings, table alignment, and spacing follow the approved product detail pattern. No trailing spaces or non-breaking characters are used; tables use consistent pipe alignment.